Turbine blasting machine

ABSTRACT

TURBINE BLASTING MACHINE, more specifically, referring to a blasting machine with a conventional turbine equipped with its own turbine feeding system that uses more effective conventional turbines and that have the possibility of directing the blade with a simple system of guiding the abrasive to the center of the turbine(s), which can be done by only gravity or by the combination of gravity and an auger.

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The following descriptive report for an invention application refers tothe development of the turbine blast machine, more specificallyreferring to a blasting machine with a conventional turbine equippedwith its own turbine feeding system that uses more effectiveconventional turbines and that have the possibility of directing theblade and with a simple system of guiding the abrasive to the center ofthe turbine(s), which can be done by only gravity or by the combinationof gravity and an auger.

TECHNICAL STATE

There are basically two types of machines with turbines: turbines calledimpact and turbines called conventional.

The machines that use the impact turbines have a simple design and theturbine's refeeding loop of the abrasive is done purely by gravity. Inthese machines, the turbine(s) is(are) not feed through the center,which makes the process much less efficient in terms of energy whencompared with the machines that use the conventional turbines fedthrough the center. Other deficiencies observed in these machines arethe fact that they do not have an effective abrasive purificationsystem. In fact, they only really remove only part of the dust generatedby the blasting process and it is not possible to direct the blastingblade, which will always cause it to come out in the same position dueto the single direction that the turbine turns.

The machines that use the conventional turbines have much higher energyefficiency than the machines with an impact turbine because of thepossibility of directing the blasting through the control box but itsdesign is very complex. They normally have a bucket elevator or someother mechanism to lift the shot up to an abrasive filter. After itpasses through the filter, the abrasive falls into a silo and from thissilo is normally sent by gravity to the center of the turbine where itwill be blasted against the parts to be cleaned.

A search was done on the current situation of the art available,especially as related to classes B08B9/023 and B24C3102, and patentdocuments were located that work with dry blasting units, which are asfollows:

BR 9.903.525. This is a circular handling machine with a pressurizedblasting nozzle and a closed circuit. This invention is a machine forblasting tubes with a closed circuit and is a unique concept that willsolve the problem for blasting tubes and lower costs without pollutingthe environment. The machine belongs to the industrial productiontechnical sector of the metal-mechanic industry. The machine is made upof two rims and each rim has two arches interconnected with bolts (8) toadjust according to the size of the tubes (24) and the rims areinterconnected by frameworks welded to the arches with a table (13) uponwhich the nozzle (1) and the chamber (2) are fastened that provide theclosed circuit. Its longitudinal movement can be done manually by meansof a lever (10) or automatically by means of a pneumatic motor (30) andthe circular movement can be done manually by means of the knobs (11) orautomatically by means of the pneumatic cylinder (32).

BR 9.102.342. This is a machine for pre-suction blasting by which theblasting occurs by the combination of the effects of suction andpressure, ensuring a homogeneous application at an adequate pressure,which results in an operation with less or almost no level of dependencyon the skill of the operator and culminating in a finished product ofunequal quality. Furthermore, because of the chamber's designcharacteristics (1), the blasting of objects (b) of different sizes canbe done from the outside, thus reducing considerably the physical spacerequired for its installation and operation and extending its benefitseven more to the operators who do not need to go inside the hugechambers as usually occurs.

BR 9.603.394. This is an improvement to a blasting machine that includesa work chamber (1) with a viewer (2), side door (3), light fixture (4),openings (5) that access the inside of the chamber, and a fan (6). Themachine has two hoppers, a bottom one (7) and an intermediate one (8)that has a slit (9). It also comes with filtering panels (10) on theinside of the chamber before the fan (6). The fan (6) has a slidingshutter (61) at its output spout in order to regulate the flow. Themachine has a manual stirrer (12) that dislodges the particlesincorporated in the filtering panels (10) and collects the material bymeans of a chute (13) at the bottom that has a scrapper (14) for guidingit to a transportation tray (15). It also comes with a withdrawal hose(16) connected to a suction tube (17), which in turn is connected withthe compartment of the filtering panels (10). The suction through thehose (16) is actuated by the movement of the valve (18) that fills theslit (9) of the intermediary hopper (8).

However, despite the previous existence of patented documents, theseequipment operate with a pressurized or pre-suction system and do nothave a turbine blasting system, which is different from the systemproposed that has a system of turbines for moving the abrasive.

INVENTION SUMMARY

Therefore, due to the considerations pertinent to the current situationof the art previously mentioned, it is the objective of this descriptivereport for an invention application to develop the building designapplied to a blasting machine where the system developed usesconventional turbines 1 that are more effective and that have thepossibility of directing the blade and with a simple system of guidingthe abrasive to the center of the turbine(s), which can be done by onlygravity or by the combination of gravity and an auger. This systemobtains an excellent abrasive filtering quality similar to the machinesdesigned up until now that use conventional turbines.

The abrasive blasted by the turbine(s) 1 falls on the inclines planes 2and is guided by gravity to a filter 3 of abrasives that forms a curtainwith the abrasives, making their filtering process possible because ofan air current of adjustable flow that takes with it the impuritiescontained in them and that are then retained in the filter's dustcollector. After the abrasive passes through the filter it falls on anauger or either on more inclined planes in such a way that it is guidedto the center of the turbine where it will be sent once again throughthe turbine and blasted.

The construction form is not only more simple, but it maintains theeffectiveness of the conventional turbines, has less moveable partssubjected to wear, occupies less physical space with a reasonablereduction in the area occupied, and offers a significant decrease in theequipment's height.

The auger 4 of the abrasive has a transport capacity that is apt to meetthe demand required by the turbine, however, when the abrasive is nolonger consumed by the turbine, it continues to turn, thus moving theabrasive without transporting it. This makes it possible to use the samegear reducer 5 for more than one function such as, for example, to drivedust collector's auger 6 and the rotational drum's auger 7.

This is possible due to the shape of the auger's screw, which isdifferent than conventional augers built as auger 6, as compared withthe auger in question 4 that has a screw shaped by a round material thatis distanced from the auger's central axis so that it is only connectedto it at only some points. Because of this, when a resistance is offeredto the flow of the abrasive, the augers will stop transporting it,causing it to simply pass through the middle of the material depositedin the auger's bottom.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The characterization of the present document for patenting the inventionhereby proposed is made up of drawings that represent the buildingdesign applied to a blasting machine in such a way that this machine canbe completely reproduced by an adequate technique, allowing for fullcharacterization of the functionality of the object submitted forapproval.

The descriptive part of this report is based on these figures elaboratedthat express the best or preferential way of arriving at the productidealized. To help with this, a detailed and consecutive numeration isgiven that clarifies aspects that can be deducted by the representationadopted in order to clearly determine the protection hereby intended.

These figures are merely illustrative and may present variations butthat will not differentiate from that initially presented.

Therefore:

FIG. 1 illustrates a representation in perspective of the machineproposed showing it without the external casing, making it possible tosee the internal devices.

FIG. 2 shows the same machine seen from the side, showing the inclinedplanes through which the abrasive particles fall by gravity.

FIG. 3 illustrates another of the machine's representation, inperspective, showing it at another angle.

FIG. 4 shows another of the machine's perspective with a focus on theauger for collecting particles.

FIG. 5 illustrates the equipment's bottom view showing the two augers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERENTIAL WAY OF BUILDING THE MACHINE

Therefore, due to the considerations pertinent to the current situationof the art previously mentioned, it is the objective of this descriptivereport for an invention application to develop the building designapplied to a blasting machine where the system developed usesconventional turbines 1 that are more effective and that have thepossibility of directing the blade and with a simple system of guidingthe abrasive to the center of the turbine(s), which can be done by onlygravity or by the combination of gravity and an auger. This systemobtains an excellent abrasive filtering quality similar to the machinesdesigned up until now that use conventional turbines.

The abrasive blasted by the turbine(s) 1 falls on the inclines planes 2and is guided by gravity to a filter 3 of abrasives that forms a curtainwith the abrasives, making their filtering process possible because ofan air current of adjustable flow that takes with it the impuritiescontained in them and that are then retained in the filter's dustcollector. After the abrasive passes through the filter it falls on anauger or either on more inclined planes in such a way that it is guidedto the center of the turbine where it will be sent once again throughthe turbine and blasted.

The construction form is not only more simple, but it maintains theeffectiveness of the conventional turbines, has less moveable partssubjected to wear, occupies less physical space with a reasonablereduction in the area occupied, and offers a significant decrease in theequipment's height.

The auger 4 of the abrasive has a transport capacity that is apt to meetthe demand required by the turbine, however, when the abrasive is nolonger consumed by the turbine, it continues to turn, thus moving theabrasive without transporting it. This makes it possible to use the samegear reducer 5 for more than one function such as, for example, to drivedust collector's auger 6 and the rotational drum's auger 7.

This is possible due to the shape of the auger's screw, which isdifferent than conventional augers built as auger 6, as compared withthe auger in question 4 that has a screw shaped by a round material thatis distanced from the auger's central axis so that it is only connectedto it at only some points. Because of this, when a resistance is offeredto the flow of the abrasive, the augers will stop transporting it,causing it to simply pass through the middle of the material depositedin the auger's bottom.

The blasting machine proposed is made up of a screen drum 8 inside whichthe parts to be blasted are put and this drum is appropriatelypositioned on the blasting nozzle 9 whereby turbine 1 (there may be morethan one turbine) blasts the solid particles (normally micro spheres)against the material contained in the drum while the same drum 8 turnsin synchrony with that of turbine 1 and with the turn of augers 4 and 6that are driven by the gear reducer 5 positioned next to the generalmotor. A further detail is that the abrasive that falls into drum 8,after it comes in contact with the part to be blasted, comes up againstvarious inclined planes 2 to the left and to the right that guide themto an abrasive transporting auger 4, and this auger 4 continues to workdespite the fact that the abrasive is no longer consumed by turbine 1,turning and moving the abrasive without transporting it, whereby thesame gear reducer 5 can be used for more than one function, such as toactuate auger 6 of the dust collector and auger 7 of the rotationaldrum.

1- A TURBINE BLASTING MACHINE comprising a screen drum 8 inside whichthe parts to be blasted are put and this drum is appropriatelypositioned on the blasting nozzle 9 whereby turbine 1 (there may be morethan one turbine) blasts the solid particles (normally micro spheres)against the material contained in the drum CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACTthat the same drum 8 turns in synchrony with that of turbine 1 and withthe turn of the augers 4 and 6 that are driven by the gear reducer 5positioned next to the general motor. A further detail is that theabrasive that falls into drum 8, after it comes in contact with the partto be blasted, comes up against various inclined planes 2 to the leftand to the right that guide them to an abrasive transporting auger 4,and this auger 4 continues to work despite the fact that the abrasive isno longer consumed by turbine 1, turning and moving the abrasive withouttransporting it, whereby the same gear reducer 5 can be used for morethan one function, such as, for example, to actuate auger 6 of the dustcollector and auger 7 of the rotational drum. 2- TURBINE BLASTINGMACHINE in accordance with claim 1 and characterized by the fact thatthe auger 4 has a screw shaped by a round material that is distancedfrom the auger's central axis so that it is only connected to it at somepoints. 3- TURBINE BLASTING MACHINE in accordance with claim 1 andcharacterized by the fact that the abrasive blasted by turbine 1 fallson inclines planes 2 and is guided by gravity to a filter 3 of abrasivesthat forms a curtain with the abrasive, making their filtering processpossible because of an air current of adjustable flow that takes with itthe impurities contained in them and that are then retained in thefilter's dust collector. 4- TURBINE BLASTING MACHINE in accordance withclaim 3 and characterized by the fact that the abrasive passes throughthe filter and falls on an auger or either on more inclined planes insuch a way that it is guided to the center of the turbine where it willbe sent once again through turbine 1 and blasted.